(Biopsy, Endometrial)
Definition
Definition
This is a procedure to remove a tissue sample from the lining of the uterus (womb).
The EndometriumCopyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
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Reasons for Procedure
Reasons for Procedure
An endometrial biopsy may be done to:
- Evaluate the cause of bleeding in postmenopausal women
- Evaluate heavy menstrual bleeding or bleeding between menstrual periods
- Obtain a tissue sample to test for cancer or precancerous conditions
- Monitor the uterine lining in women on estrogen replacement therapy
- Help evaluate the cause of infertility or repeated miscarriages
Possible Complications
Possible Complications
If you are planning to have an endometrial biopsy, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Damage to the uterus (rare)
Factors that may increase the risk of complications include:
- Smoking
- Cesarean section or previous surgery on the cervix
- Radiation therapy to the area
Be sure to discuss these risks with your doctor before the procedure. If you are pregnant, the test cannot be done.
What to Expect
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
You may need to schedule the biopsy for a certain time during your menstrual cycle.
Your doctor may do the following:
- Physical and pelvic exam
- Blood tests
- Urine test
Leading up to your procedure, you may be advised to:
- Take a pain reliever one hour before the procedure
- Wear or bring a sanitary pad
Anesthesia
Usually none is needed. Sometimes local anesthesia is used to numb the cervix.
Description of the Procedure
A speculum will be used to look into the vagina. An instrument called a tenaculum will be used to grasp the cervix. A flexible, thin, suction tube will be passed through the vagina and into the uterus. A small sample of endometrial tissue will be suctioned out.
Immediately After Procedure
After the biopsy, you may feel lightheaded. Lying down for 5-10 minutes will help. When you feel better, you will be able to go home.
How Long Will It Take?
About 10-15 minutes
Will It Hurt?
You may feel some cramping and pressure during the biopsy. Your doctor may give you pain medication after the procedure.
Post-procedure Care
When you return home after the procedure, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:
- Expect some cramping and bleeding. Use sanitary napkins. Do not use tampons.
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Ask your doctor when you can resume:
- Using tampons
- Having sex
- Be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions.
Your doctor will receive results in about a week. She will work with you to create a treatment plan.
Call Your Doctor
Call Your Doctor
After arriving home, contact your doctor if any of the following occurs:
- Excessive bleeding (more than your normal menstrual period or saturating a pad within one hour)
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills
- Severe pain
- Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
- Nausea and/or vomiting
If you think you have an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.
RESOURCES:
The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists http://www.acog.org
CANADIAN RESOURCES
References:
http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/abnormal-uterine-bleeding.html
Updated February 2014. Accessed October 30, 2014.
Endometrial cancer. American Cancer Society website. Available at:
http://www.cancer.org/cancer/endometrialcancer/index
Accessed October 30, 2014.
6/2/2011 DynaMed’s Systematic Literature Surveillance
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed/
: Mills E, Eyawo O, Lockhart I, Kelly S, Wu P, Ebbert JO. Smoking cessation reduces postoperative complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2011;124(2):144-154.e8.
Last Updated: 12/20/2014